Modulation effects alter a guitar’s signal by continuously changing aspects of the sound, such as pitch, volume, or phase, creating movement and texture. Common modulation effects include chorus, flanger, phaser, tremolo, and vibrato, each offering unique tonal characteristics. These effects can add subtle shimmer, deep swirling textures, or dramatic warping sounds. Modulation is widely used in many genres, from classic rock and blues to ambient and experimental music. Popular modulation pedals include the Boss CE-2W (Chorus), MXR Phase 90 (Phaser), and Electro-Harmonix Electric Mistress (Flanger), helping guitarists craft rich, dynamic tones.